IMPORTANT BOARD DEFINITIONS

PROGRAMMING IN C

CHAPTER NO.2 CLASS 10TH

1. Computer Programming:

Computer programming is the process of writing a computer program in computer language to solve a particular problem. the program controls the operation of a computer to perform a task.

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2. Computer Program:

It is a set of instructions written in a programming language to solve a particular problem.

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3. Syntax:

Syntax refers to the rules of a programming language according to which statements of a program are to be written.

For example: variable = expression;

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4. Semantic:

Semantic gives meaning to statements of a programming language. It describes the sequence of operations.

For example: sum = a + b;

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5. Programming Language:

It is a language which is understood by computer. It is designed to give instructions to computer to perform a specific task.

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6.Low Level Language:

Low level language is machine-oriented language. To understand low level language, detailed knowledge of internal working of computer is required.

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7.Assembly Language:

Assembly language consists of symbolic codes or abbreviations known as mnemonics. It was developed to make computer programming easier than machine language.

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8.Machine Language:

Programming language that is directly understood by computer hardware is known as machine language.

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9. High Level Language (HLLs):

High level languages are English-oriented languages and they are commonly used for writing computer programs.

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10.Procedural Language:

It is based upon the concept of modular programming. in modular programming, programs are divided into smaller parts known as modules.

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11. Structured Language:

Structured languages consists of three fundamental elements, which are , sequence, selection and repetition.

Examples: ALGOL, PL/1, Ada and Pascal.

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12.Object Oriented Programming Language(oops):

Oops refers to a programming method that is based on objects such as student, vehicle and building etc.

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13. Compiler:

A compiler is a computer software that translates source program into object program.

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14.Interpreter:

Interpreter translates high level language programs into machine language but it translates one instruction at a time and executes it immediately before translating the next instruction.

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15. Text Editor:

A text editor is a simple word-processor that is used to create and edit source code of a program.

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16. Linker:

Linker is a software that translates object program into a single executable program.

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17. Loader:

It is a software that loads programs into memory and then executes them.

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18. Debugger:

It s a software that executes a program line by line, examines the values stored in variables and helps in finding and removing errors in programs.

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19. Reserved Words:

The words that are part of programming language and have special purpose in computer programs are called reserved words or keywords.They have predefined use and cannot be used for any other purpose.

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20. Header Files:

C language contains a number of standard functions in library file to perform various tasks. Library file contains header files and each header file contains a set of functions. Some commonly used header files are;

stdio.h
conio.h
math

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21. Pre-processor Directives:

These are instructions for the C compiler. Every C language program contains certain preprocessor directives at the beginning of the program.

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22. Comments:

Comments are added in programs when a fact is necessary to be brought to the attention of program's reader. These are written ate the beginning of programs.

There are two types of comments;